![\"=))\"](\"http:\/\/truongan.name\/smilies\/yahoo6.gif\")
<\/p>\nTrong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ng\u1ed3i h\u00f3ng chi\u1ec7n, nghe k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 1 phin nh\u01b0 n\u00e0y \"N\u1eef ch\u00ednh ng\u1ea9n ng\u01a1 nghe \u00f4ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 1 v\u1ee3 1 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ly h\u00f4n.\" <\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ecb: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Anh theo Thanh gi\u00e1o h\u1ea3aaaa? (trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Thanh th\u00ec ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 Anh, m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u0169ng cu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ecf x\u1eeb).<\/p>\n
V\u1ea7ng, b\u1ecbnh chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi-ch\u00e2u-\u00c1 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \"ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00f3 t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn s\u1edbm nh\u1eafm\". Th\u1ebf th\u00ec n\u00f3 sang VN cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eafm th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ly h\u00f4n \u1edf VN. M\u00e0 ch\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft th\u1eb1ng T\u00e2y n\u00e0o th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n 1-s\u1ed1 (nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh 1 s\u1ed1) gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ly h\u00f4n v\u00ec \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u0110i d\u00f2 l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi gian th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1857, ly h\u00f4n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u1edf Anh, coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. \u1ede Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec ly h\u00f4n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p 1789, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1816, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1931 m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ly h\u00f4n, \u00dd th\u00ec t\u1eadn 1970, Ireland l\u00e0 1995, Malta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn 2011. <\/p>\n
T\u1eeb sau khi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 th\u00ec ly h\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa 2 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi - \u1edd, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Cho n\u00ean ly h\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 trong 1 v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau n\u1eefa - Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, t\u00f2a \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau, h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf. <\/p>\n
(M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \"Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i h\u00f4n \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u1edd\". Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 (ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c) v\u1edbi 1-s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i th\u00ec t\u00e1i h\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i.)<\/p>\n
Sau Kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00ec 1 s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Tin l\u00e0nh cho ph\u00e9p ly h\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 ly h\u00f4n v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ly h\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn khi 1 b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m \"l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi\", c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 2 b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i th\u00ec... ch\u00fang m\u00e0i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 nhau ti\u1ebfp \u0111i, kh\u1ecfi tho\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ly h\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 b\u1ecf m\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi, ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh. <\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1643-1645 th\u00ec h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a ly h\u00f4n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \"\u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i\". N\u0103m 1670 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ly h\u00f4n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a John Manners. V\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1ed5 \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt ly h\u00f4n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1752 - nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng theo C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n
\u1ede Anh, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng. Ly h\u00f4n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n 1 s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 200 b\u1ea3ng, sau \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt 1857 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 40 b\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn cao ng\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn 1970. <\/p>\n
---<\/p>\n
M\u00e0 \u0111\u00f9a ch\u1ee9, ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 1 v\u1ee3 1 ch\u1ed3ng th\u00ec ai \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1eed ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u00f4ng vua thu nh\u1eadn v\u1ee3 l\u1ebd c\u00f4ng khai, m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c d\u00f2ng con, con c\u00e1i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng o\u00e1nh nhao t\u00e1 l\u1ea3. \"\u00d4ng T\u00e2y\" n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng vua kh\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 \"ch\u00fang tui ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y 1 v\u1ee3\" th\u00ec... m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng h\u01a1i b\u1ecb d\u00e0y, \u0111i l\u1eeba tr\u1ebb con \u00e0. <\/p>\n
*ngao ng\u00e1n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 n* T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n trinh ti\u1ebft, ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh, tr\u1ecdng nam khinh n\u1eef, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef... L\u00e0m \u01a1n qu\u00ean l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, qu\u00ean kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i \u00fd ngh\u0129 \"T\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u0103n minh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 s\u1edbm\" \u0111i gi\u00f9m, k\u1ebbo T\u00e2y n\u00f3 bi\u1ebft... n\u00f3 nh\u1ed9t, m\u00ecnh th\u00ec t\u1ef1 h\u00f3a ra l\u00e0m tr\u00f2 c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1o b\u00e1ng m\u00ecnh lu\u00f4ng. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ng\u1ed3i h\u00f3ng chi\u1ec7n, nghe k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 1 phin nh\u01b0 n\u00e0y “N\u1eef ch\u00ednh ng\u1ea9n ng\u01a1 nghe \u00f4ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 1 v\u1ee3 1 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ly h\u00f4n.” Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ecb: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Anh theo Thanh gi\u00e1o h\u1ea3aaaa? (trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Thanh th\u00ec ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 Anh, m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u0169ng cu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ecf x\u1eeb). V\u1ea7ng, b\u1ecbnh chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi-ch\u00e2u-\u00c1 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng “ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00f3 t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn s\u1edbm nh\u1eafm”. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec n\u00f3 sang VN cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eafm th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ly h\u00f4n \u1edf VN. M\u00e0 ch\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft th\u1eb1ng T\u00e2y n\u00e0o th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n 1-s\u1ed1 (nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh 1 s\u1ed1) gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ly h\u00f4n v\u00ec \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00f3. \u0110i d\u00f2 l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi gian th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1857, ly h\u00f4n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u1edf Anh, coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. \u1ede Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec ly h\u00f4n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7271,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lich-su-news","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9388\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}