Onna-bugeisha - N\u1eef v\u00f5 v\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp v\u00f5 s\u0129 (bushi), ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a samurai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u1ed9c. Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a (hay b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a), trong khi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, onna-bugeisha hay samurai n\u1eef kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi Edo, khi m\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ed1ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u0103m 1868, trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Aizu v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a 1 n\u1eef samurai l\u00e0 Nakano Takeko l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed9c Aizu ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 manga Kaze Hikaru b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfn binh, Nakano Takeko l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a 1 quan ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Aizu, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 c\u00f4ng, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. N\u0103m 1868, trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Aizu, b\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o 1 nh\u00f3m n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Minh Tr\u1ecb. Khi b\u1ecb b\u1eafn tr\u00fang s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, Nakano Takeko n\u00f3i ch\u1ecb em g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Yuko c\u1eaft l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0 ch\u00f4n ri\u00eang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m. (\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 2 ch\u1ecb em \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn binh.)<\/p>\n
Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c, c\u1ea3 nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfn binh. Onna-bugeisha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111ao, \u0111o\u1ea3n \u0111ao, gi\u00e1o, th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang ki\u1ebfm, c\u1ea3 nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef samurai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111eo \u0111o\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfm kaiken. N\u1eef samurai khi \u0111i v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo theo kaiken \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Trong th\u1eddi Heian v\u00e0 Kamakura, nh\u1eefng n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nam gi\u1edbi. Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Jinngu th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111i chinh ph\u1ea1t Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean sau khi ch\u1ed3ng t\u1eed n\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f2n ghi nh\u1eadn n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh Tomoe Gozen, 1 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i \"s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi\" \u0111\u00e3 lao v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eaft gi\u1eef, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. <\/p>\n
Hojo Masako, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Shogun \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Kamakura, l\u00e0 n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn trong c\u1ea3 2 tri\u1ec1u sau c\u1ee7a con trai b\u00e0. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi Kamakura ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gia \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Edo, th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c samurai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n mang ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfn binh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng. Con g\u00e1i trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh danh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft li\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n - do \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n l\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. C\u00e1c n\u1eef samurai c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i xa 1 m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nam gi\u1edbi theo k\u00e8m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1eadn Aizu cho th\u1ea5y, con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft - khi m\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1850s, khi b\u1ecb T\u00e0u \u0110en t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. <\/p>\n
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1eef v\u00f5 v\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 thanh \u0111ao naginata - H\u00e3y li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn em Takiko trong Fushigi Yuugi II. Trong th\u1eddi Edo, thanh naginata tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 1 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c n\u1eef samuarai, l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 con g\u00e1i nh\u00e0 samurai n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. Hi\u1ec7n nay m\u00f4n v\u00f5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng naginata \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y cho c\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Onna-bugeisha – N\u1eef v\u00f5 v\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp v\u00f5 s\u0129 (bushi), ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a samurai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u1ed9c. Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f3a (hay b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a), trong khi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, onna-bugeisha hay samurai n\u1eef kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi Edo, khi m\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ed1ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u0103m 1868, trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Aizu v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a 1 n\u1eef samurai l\u00e0 Nakano Takeko l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed9c Aizu ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 manga Kaze Hikaru b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfn binh, Nakano Takeko l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a 1 quan ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Aizu, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 c\u00f4ng, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. N\u0103m 1868, trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Aizu, b\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o 1 nh\u00f3m n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn binh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Minh Tr\u1ecb. Khi b\u1ecb b\u1eafn tr\u00fang s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, Nakano Takeko n\u00f3i ch\u1ecb em g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Yuko c\u1eaft l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lich-su-news","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9194\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}