{"id":9130,"date":"2018-04-24T20:20:08","date_gmt":"2018-04-24T13:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/truongan.name\/?p=9130"},"modified":"2018-04-24T22:02:22","modified_gmt":"2018-04-24T15:02:22","slug":"ptth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/?p=9130","title":{"rendered":"PTTH"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e2n k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n x\u01b0a n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3... H\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o vua Khang Hy \u01b0u \u00e1i gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1eafm, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u01b0u \u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1eafm, v\u1eady th\u00ec nguy\u00ean do g\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1? \u1edc th\u00ec ta h\u00e3y quay v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1705. <\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra t\u1eeb khi Marco Polo \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean, quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec1u Minh quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ma Cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p T\u1eeb H\u1ea3i. \"=))\" Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb khi Anh chi\u1ebfm \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, T\u00e2y chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng - th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u00e1o s\u0129. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ea1c Ph\u1ee7 t\u1eebng nh\u1edd T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng mua v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p c\u0169ng t\u1eebng quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh Xi\u00eam, Xi\u00eam th\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, c\u1eed lu\u00f4n ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1p. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi H\u00e0 Lan \u0111\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n... <\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf. Ph\u00e1p quay \u0111u\u00f4i ra \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Xi\u00eam, b\u1ecb Xi\u00eam \u0111\u1eadp cho 1 tr\u1eadn \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111i 2 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quay l\u1ea1i. H\u00e0 Lan, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c, nh\u0103m nhe \u0111\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n - khi\u1ebfn s\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh danh s\u00e1ch \"1 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng mafia\" \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1eeb H\u00e0 Lan, Anh, Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha sang \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt, Xi\u00eam. N\u00f3i chung, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f2ng v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, nh\u0103m nhe th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u s\u01a1 h\u1edf th\u00ec nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o, T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 g\u00e2y th\u00f9 chu\u1ed1c o\u00e1n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u00ec sunsee. \"=))\"<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ebf to b\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec ch\u1ea3 th\u1eb1ng n\u00e0o d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o, v\u1eady l\u00e0 \"quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1ec1m\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai. Nghe \u0111\u1ed3n 1 trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do M\u00e3n Thanh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n do T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng cung c\u1ea5p (h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u1ed9c du m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec r\u00e1o, cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \"s\u00fang n\u00f3 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t l\u1eafm\" \u0111\u00e2u). Khi Khang Hy l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u0103ng kh\u00edt khi vua li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng thu t\u00f3m \u0110\u00e0i Loan trong tay h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh Nga La T\u01b0, chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, v\u01b0\u01a1n sang ph\u00eda T\u00e2y... N\u00f3i chung, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 trong tri\u1ec1u Khang Hy v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1692, Khang Hy \u0111\u00e3 ban ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o. <\/p>\n

Trong chi\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \"Ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n\" n\u0103m 1692, Khang Hy vi\u1ebft: \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u0129nh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc... Do \u0111\u00f3, ta quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd d\u00e0nh cho \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa tr\u1eddi \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n, cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 th\u1edd t\u00f4n vinh ng\u00e0i ta, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u \u00c1 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1edd c\u00fang, t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1656-1659, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Alexander VII c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ban lu\u1eadt \"\u01b0u \u00e1i phong t\u1ee5c Trung Hoa\", cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn phong t\u1ee5c b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u0103m 1659 ghi:<\/p>\n

\"\u0110\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3ng n\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1eebng tranh c\u00e3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai nh\u1eb1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nghi l\u1ec5, phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1eeb phi n\u00f3 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1eebng mang qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi h\u1ecd m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 mang Ni\u1ec1m tin, m\u1ed9t Ni\u1ec1m tin kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i phong t\u1ee5c, nghi l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng ai r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c. \":))\" Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Khang Hy, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n trong chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Nga La T\u01b0, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u01b0u \u00e1i c\u1ee7a vua cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong gi\u1edbi c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp cao h\u01a1n, r\u1ed3i va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u1edf Roma li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ra lu\u1eadt gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \"nghi th\u1ee9c Trung Hoa\" bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, kh\u00f4ng cho ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf, Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

- C\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

- C\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e0n th\u1edd \"d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n\", bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nghi th\u1ee9c c\u00fang b\u00e1i t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Clement XI th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1704, v\u00e0 c\u1eed ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n sang th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho vua Khang Hy. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1704-1715, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t, b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m n\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea5m gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3 tham gia c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c t\u1ebf l\u1ec5 xu\u00e2n, thu, c\u00fang t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean - ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tham gia v\u00e0o l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a c\u00fang ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 1, 15 h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00fang t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ngay trong nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00fang l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e1m tang, \u0111\u00e1m gi\u1ed7 - ngay c\u1ea3 tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 tang, l\u1ec5 gi\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng. <\/p>\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1742, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Benedict XIV tung ra qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 c\u1ea5m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 n\u00e0o b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1721, sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Vatican kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng b\u1eaft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3 \u1edf TQ ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m n\u00e0y, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed mu\u1ed1n vua ban l\u1ec7nh cho gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, Khang Hy ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u1ebft n\u1ed5i, ban l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\"V\u1edbi th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ta th\u1ea5y h\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u1ecf nhen. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00fd v\u1edbi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u1edf TQ. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ta th\u1ea5y t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o hay \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o. Ta ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o th\u1eadm v\u00f4 l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb nay tr\u1edf \u0111i, T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf TQ.\"<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1724, Ung Ch\u00ednh l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, ban l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o. <\/p>\n

V\u1eebng, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Theo nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c VN m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00ec t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y \"d\u1ea1y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cha m\u1eb9, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng\", g\u00e2y t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp m\u1ea5t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 an ninh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Hay nh\u01b0 trong \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi Gia Long, l\u00e1 b\u00e0i \"nghi l\u1ec5 Trung Hoa\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. <\/p>\n

(*n\u00f3i nh\u1ea3m* N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ea3 \u00f4ng vua n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i khi qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t s\u1ea1ch trong l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf xu\u00e2n thu, l\u1ec5 nghi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tang l\u1ec5 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi, m\u00ecnh k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean anh linh th\u00ec n\u00f3 qu\u1eb7c cho c\u00e2u \"ma qu\u1ef7 \u00f3\". \"=))\" )<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1939, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pius XII m\u1edbi n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m n\u00e0y, coi \"nghi l\u1ec5 Trung Hoa\" l\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tham d\u1ef1, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \"nghi l\u1ec5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1\" n\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1943, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi m\u1edbi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Vatican. <\/p>\n

---<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i th\u00eam, th\u1eadt ra c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \"nghi th\u1ee9c Trung Hoa\" hay phong t\u1ee5c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. <\/p>\n

M\u00e0 n\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec, s\u1ed1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ea5m th\u1edd ng\u1eabu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng h\u01a1i b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e2n k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n x\u01b0a n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3… H\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o vua Khang Hy \u01b0u \u00e1i gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1eafm, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u01b0u \u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1eafm, v\u1eady th\u00ec nguy\u00ean do g\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1? \u1edc th\u00ec ta h\u00e3y quay v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1705. Th\u1eadt ra t\u1eeb khi Marco Polo \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean, quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec1u Minh quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ma Cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p T\u1eeb H\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb khi Anh chi\u1ebfm \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, T\u00e2y chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng – th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u00e1o s\u0129. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ea1c Ph\u1ee7 t\u1eebng nh\u1edd T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng mua v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p c\u0169ng t\u1eebng quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh Xi\u00eam, Xi\u00eam th\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, c\u1eed lu\u00f4n ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1p. \u1ede […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7358,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lich-su-news","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9130"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9130\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}