S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef hay tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t - nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eed h\u00ecnh - tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1847 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. Ch\u1ec9 sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi b\u1ecb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh VN x\u1eed t\u1eed.<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb (1841-1847), Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i VN. Nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa, t\u1eeb 1840 v\u1ec1 sau, d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i TQ, Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Anh. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n 1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, sau n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c chi\u1ebfm m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Theo \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o 1840, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3ng Manila, Batavia, Singapore, Macao v\u00e0 Hongkong. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Anh \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 Thanh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u1eefa v\u00e0o 1844, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng ch\u00e2n \u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia trung t\u00e2m, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao Ph\u00e1p Guizot ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng khai r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ph\u00eda Nam TQ. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a vua Louis Philppie \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o 1848, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Napoleon III \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0o 1852. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, vua Louis Phillipe \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i hay t\u1eed h\u00ecnh - m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean th\u00f9 o\u00e1n. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111em c\u00e1c \"y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9\" v\u00e0o ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n. Nh\u1eefng quan ch\u1ee9c th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. S\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch n\u00f3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0u Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/1843, khi con t\u00e0u Heroine d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n Favin L\u00e9veque c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 5 nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 g\u1ea7n Hu\u1ebf. Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn, th\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho L\u00e9veque 5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m Miche, Duclos, Galey, Bernuex v\u00e0 Charrier. Trong th\u00e1ng 6\/1845, t\u00e0u Alemene d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n Fornier Duplan v\u00e0o c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Lefebre. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cho c\u00e1c quan Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Singapore. Nh\u01b0ng Lefebre ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o VN v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u1ea1i \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/1846. \u00d4ng ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n VN th\u1ea3 \u0111i, l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c quan Anh. N\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Trong th\u00e1ng 3\/1847, t\u00e0u Gloire, Victorieuse d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n Rigault de Genouilly c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng quan t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn t\u1ef1 do cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 con chi\u00ean. B\u1ecdn h\u1ecd c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf l\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p VN \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c, nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 hung h\u0103ng g\u00e2y g\u1ed5 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00e3 c\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi ch\u1eebng 20 l\u00ednh v\u0169 trang, Lapierre khi\u1ebfm nh\u00e3 v\u1edbi vi\u00ean quan v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 L\u00fd V\u0103n Ph\u1ee9c, nh\u1ee5c m\u1ea1 \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111em theo qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p cho l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o VN. V\u00ec nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 h\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gi\u1eefa Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 VN, L\u00fd V\u0103n Ph\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Khi \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, Lapierre b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i l\u00e1 th\u01b0 cho L\u00fd V\u0103n Ph\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u1eddi \u0111i. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, vi\u00ean quan k\u00e9m may m\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi l\u00e1 th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf. Trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, \u0111i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00e0ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ch\u1eebng 5 hay 6 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 Ph\u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p tin t\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecd. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khi t\u00e0u Ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbch thu bu\u1ed3m v\u00e0 m\u00e1i ch\u00e8o c\u1ee7a n\u0103m chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng trong \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft l\u00e0m con tin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1eeba \u00fd h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, Hu\u1ebf \u0111em t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c t\u1edbi c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec b\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vua Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 VN? Nh\u00e0 vua n\u1ebfu th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ven b\u1edd v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, nh\u00e0 vua tin r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111em t\u1edbi 2 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a VN ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat lui hay \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho xung \u0111\u1ed9t...<\/p>\n
V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c tu\u1edbng VN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eeb phi b\u00ean Ph\u00e1p sinh chuy\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14\/4\/1847, nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean quan Ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. Ngh\u0129 nh\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng s\u1eafp b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd khai h\u1ecfa, ph\u00e1 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm 5 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p di\u1ec5n ra trong h\u01a1n 1 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Lapierre kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i thuy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p r\u1eddi \u0111i ngay.<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i cho Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \"man di\" c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n cho VN. \u00d4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea5m t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1eabn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng VN. ---<\/p>\n (Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i \u0110NTL v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, v\u00ec s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm.)<\/p>\n ---<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 Baron c\u00f2n ghi), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng VN bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n (Th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia T\u00e2y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n Ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m c\u1eeda Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9 c\u1ea5m c\u1eeda ai?)<\/p>\n (V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN sau n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n-th\u1edd-\u0110\u1ea1i-Ph\u00e1p, h\u00f4ng th\u00e8m \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1eed VN l\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed7i s\u1eed Ph\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng th\u00ec m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i n\u00f3 c\u1ea5m c\u1eeda n\u00ean ta m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh, t\u1ea1i n\u00f3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1i n\u00f3 abc xyz. \u0110\u00e1ng x\u1ee3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi hoang t\u01b0\u1edfng - v\u1ea7ng, 5 c\u00e1i t\u00e0u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n\".<\/p>\n Nh\u1eafn c\u00e1c b\u00e1c l\u00e0 \"s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t h\u00f4ng ghi\" t\u1ea1i v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc to\u00e0n s\u1eed c\u1ee7a s\u1eed gia th\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p hay s\u1eed-hi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ea1i bi\u00ean l\u1ea1i s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 trong ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft Ph\u00e1p sai l\u00e8 l\u00e8, ghi c\u00e1i r\u00ec? Ghi r\u1ed3i th\u00ec l\u00e0m xao m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh \"t\u1ea1i n\u00f3 b\u1ebf quan t\u1ecfa c\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 sai n\u00ean ta m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh\"? C\u00f2n s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ghi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3, nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5y. =)))))))))) V\u1ea7ng, \"b\u00ed m\u1eadt\".)<\/p>\n ---<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft s\u1eed qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i, qu\u00e1 k\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0... kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, thi tho\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y (hay th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y) l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i, c\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi sinh ra nh\u1eefng \"sai l\u1ea7m d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n\". <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef hay tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t – nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eed h\u00ecnh – tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1847 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. Ch\u1ec9 sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi b\u1ecb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh VN x\u1eed t\u1eed. Trong th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb (1841-1847), Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i VN. Nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa, t\u1eeb 1840 v\u1ec1 sau, d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i TQ, Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Anh. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n 1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, sau n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c chi\u1ebfm m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Theo \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o 1840, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,1],"tags":[106,107],"class_list":["post-7408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lich-su-news","category-news","tag-lich-su-2","tag-viet-nam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7408"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7408\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\nThe Vietnamese Response to French Intervention, 1862-1874<\/strong> By Mark W. McLeod<\/em><\/p>\n