{"id":6523,"date":"2012-05-27T08:17:24","date_gmt":"2012-05-27T01:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lamthien.byethost24.com\/?p=6523"},"modified":"2012-05-27T08:17:24","modified_gmt":"2012-05-27T01:17:24","slug":"han-viet-va-thuan-viet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/?p=6523","title":{"rendered":"\u201cH\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

(DVT.vn) \u2013 Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d th\u1eadt ra ta \u0111\u00e3 \u201cvay m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u201d t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng hay ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i \u201cgh\u1ebb l\u1ea1nh\u201d nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng cha ta quen d\u00f9ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb hai ch\u1eef tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u00e0 thay n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef m\u00e1y bay l\u00ean th\u1eb3ng, v\u00ec tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cngo\u1ea1i lai\u201d, \u201c\u0111i m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f2n l\u00ean th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u201cc\u00e2y nh\u00e0 l\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1eddn\u201d \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u201cch\u00ednh c\u1ed1ng\u201d, t\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cKinh\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cGiao Ch\u1ec9\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cKeo\u201d hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cYu\u00f4n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a c\u1eed c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u201cgi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00ean th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn lao trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn khi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u m\u00e1y bay c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh theo chi\u1ec1u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e0, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00ean th\u1eb3ng\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u201ch\u1ed1\u201d, b\u00e8n v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i hai ch\u1eef tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00fang t\u00fang m\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e0i x\u00edch \u201ct\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 phi c\u00f4ng, b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eb7c l\u00e1i (t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i khi d\u00f9ng cho phi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta: ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe Anh h\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n C\u1ed1c n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0110\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh \u201cT\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d; gi\u00e1o c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng v\u00f9ng tr\u1eddi; h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n (trong khi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t); c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 vi\u00ean b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng \u1ee7y vi\u00ean bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i; tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1m b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, v.v v\u00e0 v.v.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i xem n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201cgi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb do ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t (d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t) s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hay m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d kh\u00f4ng, hay n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef M\u00f4n-Khmer l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 M\u00f4n-Khmer hay nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d kh\u00f4ng? Hay \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer hay ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng? Kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u201cm\u1eb9\u201d (hay \u201cng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i\u201d) c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb M\u00e3 Lai, nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n hay nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u00c2u, v\u1ed1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n? \u201cT\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u201d (emprunts, loan words) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111ang x\u00e9t. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, hay n\u00f3i cho \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng (\u00e9tat de langue) c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia (hay ng\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia) n\u1eefa, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u00e0 n\u00f3 du nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, trong khi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u00e0 \u201cm\u1eb9 n\u00f3\u201d vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc do \u201cm\u1eb9 n\u00f3\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng \u201cm\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb\u201d. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef Th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1o, g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3i ch\u01b0a t\u00e1ch h\u1eb3n ra kh\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/p>\n

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(DVT.vn) \u2013 C\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00e2m ti\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Qua h\u01a1n 1.000 n\u0103m B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Trong s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cb\u00ecnh d\u00e2n\u201d d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u00e1ng d\u1ea5p ng\u1eef \u00e2m ri\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ng\u1eef, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ba th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau khi vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n ng\u1eef tri gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ngo\u1ea1i lai n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111i v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201cb\u00e1c h\u1ecdc\u201d, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 qua c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ngay trong c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d sau n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o ng\u1eef \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo c\u00e1c t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa \u00e2m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p \u201cphi\u00ean thi\u1ebft\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n \u201cb\u00ecnh d\u00e2n\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n

D\u0129 nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00ednh, d\u00e2n, h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Khi d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c (Th\u00e1i, M\u00e3 Lai, Ch\u0103m, Cam-pu-chia, Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v.v.), kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u1edbi vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra, c\u00e1i s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tri gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u201cngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c\u201d g\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef \u00e2m, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00e2m ti\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1eef \u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n nh\u01b0 pa-t\u00ea, go\u00f2ng, so\u00f3c, x\u00e9c, boong, t\u1ec9m x\u1eafm, v\u1eb1n th\u1eafn (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean ri\u00eang Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Co\u00f3ng, Dz\u1ebfnh).<\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u201cc\u00f3 h\u1ecdc\u201d ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n phi\u00ean thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u, d\u00e2n, hi\u1ec3u, h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p hai ti\u1ebfng tr\u1edf l\u00ean. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u00e1ng \u201ckhoa h\u1ecdc\u201d k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1i chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 khu bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cbound forms\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cfree forms\u201d l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc to\u00e0n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi thao t\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft minh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, tuy c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc, cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u00f4 l\u1eadu, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh trong kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i v\u1edf, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. Ri\u00eang trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111ang x\u00e9t, n\u00f3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 phi l\u00fd sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

qu\u1ed1c ca<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n ca<\/em> l\u00e0 hai t\u1eeb
\ns\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0ng s\u00fang ng\u1eafn<\/em> l\u00e0 hai t\u1eeb
\nh\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n<\/em> l\u00e0 hai t\u1eeb<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 ng\u1eef (b\u1ed5 ng\u1eef hay \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1eef); \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eeb ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng (transitive verbs) nh\u01b0 nai (l\u01b0ng) hay c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb (unit nouns) nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc (\u0111\u0169a) ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201clo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb\u201d (\u201cclassifier\u201d) ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 m\u00e3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y (\u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn 1994) v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u00ednh phi l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

====<\/p>\n

(DVT.vn) \u2013 N\u00f3i \u201cth\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n\u201d t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u201cth\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 v\u1ee3\u201d; nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i \u201canh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n\u201d th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n; do \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng tu t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ri\u00eang, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tu t\u1eeb (phong c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc) ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t tuy c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p (\u0111\u1eb3ng l\u1eadp hay ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5) r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m c\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1i \u201ctr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d (ph\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh sau) so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, quan h\u1ec7 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 trong x\u1ea1 th\u1ee7 hay phi c\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eafn hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i: trong khi x\u1ea1 th\u1ee7 Nam ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eafn Nam kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn anh Nam hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nam (ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 hai).<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u201cch\u1eb7t\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa hai t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n (khoa h\u1ecdc hay k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt), nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef, t\u1eeb \u201cH\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, tuy c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, nh\u00e2n danh t\u00ednh \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 thay nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 kh\u1ee7ng long nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n kinh kh\u1ee7ng (v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n).<\/p>\n

H\u1ed3i \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m sao m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i dung. Ph\u1ea3i chi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ngay t\u1eeb s\u00e1u b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, t\u00edch ph\u00e2n, vi ph\u00e2n, v.v., sau khi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00ec khi m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, th\u00ec c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u201cqu\u00e1 d\u1ec5\u201d \u1ea5y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i \u201cv\u1ecdng v\u0103n sinh ngh\u0129a\u201d \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn ch\u1eef m\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2 ra ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a, ng\u1eef d\u1ee5ng, s\u1edf chi,v.v., l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u00f3 v\u1ebb d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ai c\u0169ng cho l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed3i, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u (?) c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ta c\u00e1i hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

a. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a (hay tu t\u1eeb) khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u201ctrang tr\u1ecdng\u201d, hay \u201cthi v\u1ecb\u201d, hay \u201cc\u1ed5 k\u00ednh\u201d, hay \u201cb\u00e1c h\u1ecdc\u201d, hay \u201cm\u1edd \u1ea3o\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u1ebd ra c\u00e1i s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i cho th\u1ea5y ngay r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0i b\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cg\u00e1i\u201d, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0\u201d, tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng\u201d (hay \u201cch\u1ed3ng\u201d), hoa \u0111\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e8n hoa\/b\u00f4ng\u201d, s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201chang n\u00fai\u201d, lam s\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cn\u00fai xanh\u201d, t\u1eed s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u00e2n l\u00ednh ch\u1ebft\u201d, m\u00e3nh h\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201ccon c\u1ecdp m\u1ea1nh\u201d, tr\u00e0ng k\u1ef7 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i\u201d, l\u00f4i v\u0169 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u01b0a gi\u00f4ng\u201d, phong ba ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cs\u00f3ng gi\u00f3\u201d, h\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129 khi chuy\u1ec3n sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u201cthi v\u1ecb\u201d, \u201cc\u1ed5 k\u00ednh\u201d hay \u201cb\u00e1c h\u1ecdc\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tu t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d (hay \u201cn\u00f4m na\u201d), v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i s\u1eafc th\u00e1i ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a hay tu t\u1eeb m\u00e0 n\u00f3 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u1eafc th\u00e1i m\u1edbi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, hay n\u00f3i g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i phong v\u1ecb ri\u00eang (trang tr\u1ecdng, b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc, v.v.) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef H\u00e1n- Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang s\u00ednh d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e1ng l\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u201cb\u00e0n nhanh\u201d th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00edch n\u00f3i \u201ch\u1ed9i \u00fd\u201d h\u01a1n; \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u201cn\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n phi\u1ebfm\u201d th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00edch n\u00f3i \u201cm\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0m\u201d h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u201c\u0111i th\u0103m\u201d hay \u201c\u0111i xem\u201d th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00edch n\u00f3i \u201ctham quan\u201d h\u01a1n,v.v.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ed3i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 trong cu\u1ed1n S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i trong l\u1ed1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00fat danh XYZ) l\u00e0 n\u00ean n\u00f3i n\u0103ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eebng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef qu\u00e1 trang tr\u1ecdng, qu\u00e1 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ra kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef sao cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 sau, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 ch\u00ed l\u00fd \u1ea5y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u sai th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thanh l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i lai, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u00e8 nhau t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ngo\u1ea1i lai kh\u00e1c, g\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i, M\u00e3 Lai, M\u00f4n-Khmer, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v.v., trong khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ngh\u00e8o \u0111i, v\u00e0 thay nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh hay v\u0103n c\u1ea3nh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i ng\u00f4 ng\u1ecdng, l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 man r\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu g\u1ecdi con g\u00e1i b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd n\u1eef ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 l\u1ed1 l\u0103ng, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed g\u00e1i hay y t\u00e1 g\u00e1i c\u0169ng l\u1ed1 l\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng n\u1eef th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb g\u00e1i l\u1ea1i h\u01a1n n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb. Ng\u00e0i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eb1ng \u00dat nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1eb1ng \u00dat nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 n\u00f3. N\u00f3i chung, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1u cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c-gi\u1ea3: Cao-Xu\u00e2n-H\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/div>\n
http:\/\/dvt.vn\/20111125031628881p0c93\/han-viet-va-thuan-viet-ky-1.htm<\/a><\/div>\n
http:\/\/dvt.vn\/2011120503551746p0c93\/hanviet-va-thuan-viet-ky-2.htm<\/a><\/div>\n
http:\/\/dvt.vn\/20111213035645758p0c93\/hanviet-va-thuan-viet-ky-3.htm<\/a><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(DVT.vn) \u2013 Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d th\u1eadt ra ta \u0111\u00e3 \u201cvay m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u201d t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-M\u01b0\u1eddng hay ti\u1ebfng M\u00f4n-Khmer. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i \u201cgh\u1ebb l\u1ea1nh\u201d nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng cha ta quen d\u00f9ng? \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb hai ch\u1eef tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u00e0 thay n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef m\u00e1y bay l\u00ean th\u1eb3ng, v\u00ec tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cngo\u1ea1i lai\u201d, \u201c\u0111i m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f2n l\u00ean th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u201cc\u00e2y nh\u00e0 l\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1eddn\u201d \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u201cch\u00ednh c\u1ed1ng\u201d, t\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cKinh\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cGiao Ch\u1ec9\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cKeo\u201d hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cYu\u00f4n\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u201cthu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a c\u1eed c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u201cgi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t\u201d, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00ean […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-suu-tam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6523"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6523\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}