{"id":5272,"date":"2011-06-01T20:43:29","date_gmt":"2011-06-01T13:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lamthien.byethost24.com\/?p=5272"},"modified":"2011-06-01T20:43:29","modified_gmt":"2011-06-01T13:43:29","slug":"th%e1%bb%a7y-quan-nha-nguy%e1%bb%85n","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/?p=5272","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\"V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n-t\u00edch l\u00e3nh-th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n b\u00e0nh-tr\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c-ph\u1ea9m nu\u00f4i d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1ed9i-ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i-ph\u1eadn, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3 l\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.\"<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"javascript:void(null);\" onclick=\"s_toggleDisplay(document.getElementById('SID2043144489'), this, 'Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n &#9660;', '\u0110\u00f3ng &#9650;');\">Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n &#9660;<\/a><\/p>\n<div id='SID2043144489' style='display:none;'>\n<strong>Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh-t\u00edch v\u00f4-song<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng-S\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh n\u1ed7-l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 uy-t\u00edn nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ea1i phong-ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u xa. Vua Ch\u00faa Quan Ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m-th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n-th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef3-c\u00f4ng, mang l\u1ea1i cho d\u00e2n-t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t-Nam nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i-s\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt-ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh-th\u1ea7n th\u1eadt l\u1edbn lao. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n-t\u00edch l\u00e3nh-th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n b\u00e0nh-tr\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c-ph\u1ea9m nu\u00f4i d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1ed9i-ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i-ph\u1eadn, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3 l\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 v\u1ec1 sinh-ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng-h\u1ea3i, \u0111i\u1ec3m qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh-t\u00edch v\u00f4-song v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ebf Xu\u1ea5t-ph\u00e1t T\u1eeb L\u00fd-do Ph\u00f2ng-th\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i-bi\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi Tr\u1ecbnh-Ki\u1ec3m \u00e2m-m\u01b0u chi\u1ebfm g\u1ecdn binh-quy\u1ec1n, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n-U\u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tho\u00e1t-hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh. T\u00ednh-to\u00e1n m\u00e3i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec, b\u00e8n sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh-\u00fd Tr\u1ea1ng-Tr\u00ecnh Nguy\u1ec5n-B\u1ec9nh-Khi\u00eam, th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u: \"Ho\u00e0nh S\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1i, v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1i dung th\u00e2n\" (m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i n\u00fai Ho\u00e0nh-S\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dung th\u00e2n mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi). Ho\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u ra, nh\u1edd ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc-B\u1ea3o n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Tr\u1ecbnh-Ki\u1ec3m cho Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a v\u1edbi l\u00fd-do: \"\u0110\u1ea5t \u1ea5y hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, xa x\u00f4i, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc-nghi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t Nam \u0111\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eadp-k\u00edch, qu\u00e2n M\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1nh sau l\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o\".<\/p>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3m bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn theo v\u00ec bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng-th\u1ee7 h\u1ea3i-bi\u00ean an-to\u00e0n cho ph\u00eda Nam. Tr\u1ecbnh-Ki\u1ec3m d\u00e2ng bi\u1ec3u t\u00e2u vua trao quy\u1ec1n cho Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, to\u00e0n-quy\u1ec1n x\u1eed-l\u00fd m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111em ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m qu\u00e2n b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn-thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Nam n\u0103m M\u1eadu Ng\u1ecd (1558) khi 34 tu\u1ed5i. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi \u00d4ng, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129a-d\u0169ng T\u1ed1ng-S\u01a1n Thanh H\u00f3a. M\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i 400 n\u0103m (cho \u0111\u1ebfn 1954).<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1572, sau khi \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh Thanh-Ngh\u1ec7, ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Thu\u1eadn-H\u00f3a, M\u1ea1c-K\u00ednh-\u0110i\u1ec3n d\u00f9ng 60 chi\u1ebfn-thuy\u1ec1n do h\u1ea3i-\u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfm l\u00e0ng H\u1ed3-X\u00e1 v\u00e0 L\u00e3ng-Uy\u1ec3n, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u00f4ng C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t. Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng l\u1eadp m\u01b0u m\u1ef9-nh\u00e2n-k\u1ebf. T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00e0 L\u1eadp-\u0110\u1ea1o tr\u00fang k\u1ebf c\u1ea7u h\u00f2a, b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft. Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh tan \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea5n-th\u1ee7 v\u00f9ng Thu\u1eadn-Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean-\u1ed5n, n\u0103m 1593 Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a H\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i ra gi\u00fap vua L\u00ea d\u1eb9p nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gian-\u0111\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 8 n\u0103m. N\u0103m Canh T\u00fd (1600) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh vua L\u00ea t\u1eeb Th\u0103ng Long \u0111em th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n \u0111i d\u1eb9p c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n Phan-Ng\u1ea1n, Ng\u00f4-\u0110\u00ecnh-H\u00e0m v\u00e0 B\u00f9i-V\u0103n-Khu\u00ea \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i Nam-\u0110\u1ecbnh, Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 k\u00e9o qua C\u1eeda \u0110\u1ea1i-An, b\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n gi\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u1ed3m th\u1eb3ng ra Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ngay Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a. Sau chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i-h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft-t\u00e2m ra \u0111i n\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng lo vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp-nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i duy\u00ean-h\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c quay v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kh\u1edfi-nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n nh\u1ecf b\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i chung, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t-Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi-nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn-c\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i-x\u00e2m hay th\u1ed1ng-nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Anh-h\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 quy-t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 sinh-ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ee3p-qu\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c, d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c-l\u1eadp cho qu\u00ea-h\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1-nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n-to\u00e0n ri\u00eang r\u1ebd. Tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean, \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 ch\u1ec9 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng-h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng Thanh-H\u00f3a, t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng-nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh-nghi\u1ec7m chuy\u00ean-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb khi Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft-t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi-\u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1-nghi\u1ec7p cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ebf-l\u1ef1c x\u01b0ng Ch\u00faa, th\u00e0nh-ph\u1ea7n n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn-\u0111\u1ea5u sinh-ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea1nh nhau trong v\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tr\u1eddi. Nh\u00f3m qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee9-\u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean H\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i, th\u01b0\u1eddng qua l\u1ea1i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Qu\u1ea3ng-Nam, Thu\u1eadn-Ho\u00e1, Ngh\u1ec7-An, Thanh-H\u00f3a v\u00e0 ra v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i mi\u1ec1n ch\u00e2u-th\u1ed5 hai s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i-B\u00ecnh, B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i-Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n-th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ch\u00e1u h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n chuy\u00ean-c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t-tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch-s\u1eed g\u1ea7n 350 n\u0103m, k\u00e9o theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nam-Ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb Thanh-H\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn Ph\u00fa-Qu\u1ed1c H\u00e0-Ti\u00ean. Truy\u1ec1n-th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y theo m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1eed-gia ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng-l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf mang b\u1edd c\u00f5i, th\u1ed1ng-nh\u1ea5t giang-s\u01a1n v\u00e0 duy-tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u01a1ng-quy\u1ec1n sau nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00e0nh lang Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m binh l\u00ednh d\u00e2n \u0111inh n\u0103m, b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi; b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o duy\u00ean-h\u1ea3i Mi\u1ec1n Trung, ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n binh-s\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadt d\u00e0i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p>Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh-lang h\u1eefu-hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0a \u0111o\u00e0n thuy\u1ec1n Nam-ti\u1ebfn. Th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng-t\u1ef1a cho qu\u00e2n-d\u00e2n l\u1eadp-nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean b\u1edd ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng di-chuy\u1ec3n. L\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecbnh-c\u01b0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 Nam, chinh ph\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00e1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u01b0\u01a1n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn v\u1ecbnh Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n-ho\u00e1 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Hoa-\u1ea4n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u0111\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng-qu\u1ed1c h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ef1-tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i (B\u1eafc H\u00e0). C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o ngo\u1ea1i-qu\u1ed1c trong giai-\u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ng\u1ea1c-nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00e2m-ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ef1c-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n-s\u1ef1 h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh-li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n-d\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n-h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o-\u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam X\u1ee9 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ea3i-Chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi H\u1ea3i-t\u1eb7c Nh\u1eadt-B\u1ea3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7 16, khi ho\u00e0nh-h\u00e0nh c\u01b0\u1edbp-ph\u00e1 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Trung-Qu\u1ed1c, H\u1ea3i-t\u1eb7c Nh\u1eadt-B\u1ea3n c\u0169ng tr\u00e0n qua c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ch\u00fang k\u00e9o nhau \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1585. Ho\u00e0ng-T\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n-Ph\u01b0\u1edbc-Nguy\u00ean, con th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u-binh \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm hai chi\u1ebfc t\u1ea7u Ng\u1ecda-kh\u1ea5u (gi\u1eb7c l\u00f9n - Kenki). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1eed-li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u-ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1-c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i li\u00ean-h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Nh\u1eadt-B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ngTrong. N\u0103m 1599, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Henki kh\u00e1c khi h\u1ea3i-h\u00e0nh b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i C\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Thu\u1eadn-An c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng ch\u1eadn b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trang-c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch-thu, c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7y-th\u1ee7-\u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. (xem Thu\u1ea7n L\u1ee5c, trang web http:\/\/charm.ru\/coins\/vn\/nagasaki.shtml).<\/p>\n<p>Hai n\u0103m sau, 1601, Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng g\u1eed\u1ec9 b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i-giao ch\u00ednh-th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u1ebfn T\u01b0\u1edbng-Qu\u00e2n Shogun Tokugawa. Hai x\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t-Nh\u1eadt b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eadp giao-th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u0111i\u1ebfm v\u00f9ng H\u1ed9i-An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh-l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng-nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i-qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt-B\u1ea3n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t-tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tr\u1eadn H\u1ea3i-Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong Vi\u1ec7t-S\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t-S\u1eed ta th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a, T\u1ed5-ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Tuy v\u1eady n\u1ebfu t\u00f2 m\u00f2 xem x\u00e9t th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c-s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 h\u1ea3i-chi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c tr\u1eadn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng-D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0m-T\u1eed ... k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i-th\u1eafng B\u1ea1ch-\u0110\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4-V\u01b0\u01a1ng-Quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n-H\u01b0ng-\u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 giang-chi\u1ebfn, di\u1ec5n ra trong s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1585 ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n L\u1ee5c-Th\u1ee7y-D\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ea7n-Kh\u00e1nh-D\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi c\u00f4ng th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn duy\u00ean-chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u1ea3 tr\u1eadn C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1585 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-Ph\u01b0\u1edbc-Lan, ta m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t anh-h\u00f9ng h\u1ea3i-chi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c-s\u1ef1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf-t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n-Ph\u01b0\u1edbc-T\u1ea7n, sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ch\u00faa Hi\u1ec1n. S\u1eed ch\u00e9p r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn-thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m-t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh tan h\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn-thuy\u1ec1n H\u00f2a-Lan (1648) ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb C\u00f9-Lao Ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00f9-Lao H\u00e0n. H\u00f2a-Lan l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i-qu\u00e2n h\u00f9ng-m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u01afu-th\u1ebf Th\u1ee7y-Chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Binh-Th\u01b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i ... qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u0103ng? C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o-s\u0129 Alexandre De Rhodes v\u00e0 Tisannier trong k\u00fd-s\u1ef1, khen qu\u00e2n-l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n h\u00f9ng-h\u1eadu h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-\u0110\u00e0o-Nha. Trong Chi\u1ebfn-tranh Tr\u1ecbnh - Nguy\u1ec5n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 45 n\u0103m, n\u00f3i chung h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n chuy\u00ean ph\u00f2ng-th\u1ee7. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n-c\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7-y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n b\u1ed9, c\u00f2n h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n l\u01b0u-t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u-qu\u00e2n h\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o-to\u00e0n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u khi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p, Qu\u00e2n-l\u1ef1c \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u00edt \u1ecfi v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m h\u01a1n \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean-c\u1ee9u binh-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n-t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan-t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn-thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u-qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i-quan Khai-Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng-Th\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0o-Duy-T\u1eeb suy-lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ra v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi-ti\u1ebft. Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch H\u1ed5 T\u01b0\u1edbng Khu C\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng (1572-1634), ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quan-tr\u1ecdng. Ngay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadp Binh-Th\u01b0 Y\u1ebfu L\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n-H\u01b0ng-\u0110\u1ea1o m\u00e0 ta th\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n-t\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n-s\u1ef1 ghi th\u00eam l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed5-T\u01b0\u1edbng Khu-C\u01a1. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n-Ng\u1ecdc-T\u1ec9nh, khi phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Binh-Th\u01b0 Y\u1ebfu L\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n-H\u01b0ng-\u0110\u1ea1o (Paris, 1988, trang 267) \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00fa r\u1eb1ng: S\u00e1ch H\u1ed5 T\u01b0\u1edbng Khu C\u01a1: Ph\u00e9p l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng trong bi\u1ec3n (Tr\u00edch c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean Th\u1ee7y-Chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch H\u1ed5 T\u01b0\u1edbng Khu C\u01a1, g\u1ed3m 9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ecf c\u1ea3, xem \u1edf sau...)<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ngh\u1ec7-thu\u1eadt th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft chi-ti\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Binh-th\u01b0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea3i-ti\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i-h\u00e0nh.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, h\u1ea3i-h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea3i-\u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng-h\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh-x\u00e1c. Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-Ph\u01b0\u1edbc-Ch\u00fa cho \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng-h\u1ed3 T\u00e2y-ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng-s\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3n t\u00e0u d\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n-V\u0103n-T\u00fa r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp theo nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf-t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng-h\u1ed3. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n theo th\u1eddi-gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh-x\u00e1c h\u01a1n x\u01b0a.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n nh\u1edd c\u00e1nh tay d\u00e0i Th\u1ee7y-Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi t\u1eadn Ho\u00e0ng-Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng-Sa. S\u00e1ch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u00e3 ghi-ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea7n-\u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng-Sa t\u1eeb th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7 XVII v\u1edbi chi-ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba-l\u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong s\u00e1ch \"Thi\u00ean Nam T\u1ee9 Ch\u00ed L\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ed3 Th\u01b0\" (1630-1653) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed7-B\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Sau cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 \"Ph\u1ee7-bi\u00ean T\u1ea1p-l\u1ee5c\" m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c-ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a L\u00ea-Qu\u00fd-\u0110\u00f4n m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1eddng-thu\u1eadt nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng-t\u00e1c thi-h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7-quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t-Nam tr\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng-Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng-Sa. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng-Sa tr\u00e1ch-nhi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00e1t V\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc-H\u1ea3i tr\u00e1ch-nhi\u1ec7m Tr\u01b0\u1eddng-Sa, Ph\u00fa-Qu\u1ed1c; tu\u00e2n-h\u00e0nh theo l\u1ec7nh Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cdt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi-s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7 XVII, sau nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i bi\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 6,7 th\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng-Sa \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o-c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi di\u1ec5n-bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean h\u1ea3i-tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m kinh-nghi\u1ec7m cho nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng-t\u00e1c sau n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n-ph\u00fac-Nguy\u00ean (1613-1615) hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng-Sa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh-l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 thu-l\u01b0\u1ee3m h\u1ea3i-v\u1eadt. H\u1ecdc-gi\u1ea3 L\u00ea-qu\u00fd-\u0110\u00f4n (1726-1784) t\u1eebng tham-kh\u1ea3o s\u1ed5 bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Cai-\u0111\u1ed9i Thuy\u00ean-\u0111\u1ee9c-H\u1ea7u (m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c-quy\u1ec1n H\u1ea3i-Qu\u00e2n cao-c\u1ea5p ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc) th\u1ea5y n\u0103m 1702 \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng-Sa l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 30 th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c, n\u0103m 1704 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,100 c\u00e2n thi\u1ebfc, n\u0103m 1705 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 126 th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c... V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u ghi-nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t tai-n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eafm t\u00e0u n\u00e0o, ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng h\u1ea3i-h\u00e0nh l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean-c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00f4n-t\u1ea9u Tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ecdc S\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ca-t\u1ee5ng Vua Quang-Trung tr\u1ecdng-d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n r\u1ea5t th\u00edch-th\u00fa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m-\u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>Qua 9 \u0111\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, sau th\u1eddi h\u01b0ng-th\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac suy-vong. Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh may m\u1eafn s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y, m\u01b0u-c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c-qu\u1ed1c. Nay thuy\u1ec1n \u00d4ng t\u1ea5p v\u00e0o b\u1edb s\u00f4ng v\u1eafng, mai t\u00e0u \u00d4ng tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t ra h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i. Trong khi b\u1ecb truy-s\u00e1t, sinh-m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0nh treo chu\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n-ng\u0169 n\u00e0o hay h\u01a1n khi Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh mu\u1ed1n b\u1ed9c-l\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f4m na c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 cha \u00f4ng b\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c xa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n-b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a S\u1eed-Qu\u00e1n. C\u00e1c Quan th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 v\u0103n-ch\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec1n-ng\u1eabu, sau n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u00f4 v\u1ebd th\u00eam cho nh\u00e0 Vua m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 s\u01a1n l\u00f3t ch\u00e2n-m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebf-v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Linh-M\u1ee5c Cadier l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y 14 b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ch\u1eef N\u00f4m c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh g\u1eedi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o-s\u0129. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 t\u1edd l\u1ec7nh ban cho S\u0129-quan Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c H\u1ea3i-qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng-c\u1ea3m cho m\u1ed9t \u00d4ng Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft uy-quy\u1ec1n, c\u1ea3i-trang th\u01b0\u1eddng-d\u00e2n, l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh g\u00f3c bi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, h\u1ea3i-\u0111\u1ea3o xa v\u1eafng, th\u1ed1t l\u1eddi chua-ch\u00e1t, than-th\u1edf cho s\u1ed1-ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1eafng-cay, ray-r\u1ee9t v\u00ec ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n b\u1ed5n-ph\u1eadn v\u1edbi T\u1ed5-ti\u00ean. B\u1eb1ng v\u0103n N\u00f4m, \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u-l\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh-th\u1ef1c ch\u00ed t\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ee9a con m\u00ecnh xa c\u00e1ch n\u1eeda v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t...<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd nh\u00e0 Vua \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng-t\u1ef1 hay t\u00e1c-ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4m na nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t-l\u1ea1c. Khi c\u1ea7n kh\u00edch-\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n-s\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng-b\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t-Nam c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00d4ng c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t-Nam. \u0110\u1ea1o D\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ed1c-v\u0103n trong cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t-binh ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1800, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi binh-\u0111o\u00e0n kh\u1edfi-h\u00e0nh hay xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u \u0111i c\u1ee9u V\u00f5 T\u00e1nh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng-ch\u1ee9ng v\u1eady!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Giao-th\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1eafp N\u1ebbo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c Ch\u00faa, Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh m\u1edf mang vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng-m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n T\u00e2y-ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Sau khi chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gia-\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u1ea7n ch\u00f3t t\u1eeb tay T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n, N\u1ed9i-vi\u1ec7n Tr\u1ea7n V\u0169 Kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e0u \u0111i Giang L\u01b0 Ba (Batavia), Cai-\u0111\u1ed9i \u00d4-li-vi, \u0110\u1ed9i-tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ba-la-di \u0111i Goa, M\u00e3-la-Kha (Ba-la-kha - Malacca). T\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u T\u00e2y-ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho bi\u1ebft L. Barizy c\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u-k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng-nh\u00e2n \u0110an m\u1ea1ch, Hanop v\u00e0 Stevenson. \u0110\u1ee9ng trung-l\u1eadp trong chi\u1ebfn-tranh Anh Ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i-l\u00fd cho \u00c1nh \u1edf Tranquebar (\u1ea4n-\u0110\u1ed9). C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng-c\u1ea3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i-sinh.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed9i-chi\u1ebfn, Tourane n\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ghe tr\u1ecdng-t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 40-150 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1edf cau, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed7i chuy\u1ebfn ri\u00eang m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 mang \u0111i h\u00e0ng 40 ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1790, khi \u00c2u-ch\u00e2u e ng\u1ea1i v\u1edbi T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1t tuy c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng-Nam nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t-c\u1ea3ng. K\u1ebft-qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu giao-th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u-n\u0103ng v\u0169-kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n suy-k\u00e9m h\u1eb3n \u0111i. Trong L\u1ecbch S\u1eed N\u1ed9i-Chi\u1ebfn \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t-Nam, T\u1ea1 Ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ebft: Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang nh\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1n Trung Hoa kh\u00f4ng b\u1eafn xa b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i \u1edf Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh nh\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1n T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 S\u1edf-tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ta<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn, ta th\u1ea5y Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n q.10, 6b ch\u00e9p r\u1eb1ng; Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd-lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tin-t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng: \"Th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1edf-tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ta\". Th\u1ee7y-binh bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn nhanh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn ph\u00f3ng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed9-binh. T\u01b0-th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7-\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh-c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c-l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1eed-gia T\u1ea1 Ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111i ti\u00ean-phong m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho qu\u00e2n b\u1ed9-chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 quan-tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng khi b\u1eaft l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0o-ng\u0169 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: qu\u00e2n n\u00e0o b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ednh b\u1ed9 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edfng 30 quan, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee7y-binh th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi 40 quan (th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c quy\u1ec3n 4, 12a.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn-tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn-h\u1ea1m t\u00e2n-ti\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c T\u00e2y-d\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea1ng-thuy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 Tho\u1ea1i-Ph\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Barizy \u0111i\u1ec1u-khi\u1ec3n, Loan-phi c\u1ee7a Chaigneau, B\u1eb1ng-Phi c\u1ee7a DeForcan, Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng-Phi c\u1ee7a Vannier \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u1ef9-thu\u1eadt r\u1ea5t cao, v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y-th\u1ee7-\u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5-b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1edbi 300 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh tan H\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i thuy\u1ec1n T\u1ec1-ng\u00f4i Trung-Hoa.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi Vua Quang-Trung qua \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1ef1c-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n-s\u1ef1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n suy-y\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp. B\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1-Ng\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung-Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 t\u00fac v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n T\u1ec1- Ng\u00f4i v\u1eeba gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7m-v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp-t\u1ebf cho n\u1ed9i-\u0111\u1ecba v\u1eeba ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9-ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n- b\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu-k\u00e9m v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc-H\u00e0, thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u. C\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0-hao. S\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u00e9p: Cha con Nguy\u1ec5n-Quang-B\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng binh c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc, sai h\u01a1n 100 chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u \u00f4, 12 vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng-binh l\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 t\u00ecm mua qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i chi\u00eau-t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee5i vong-m\u1ea1ng d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Trung-Qu\u1ed1c. L\u1ea5y quan t\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i nh\u1eed, c\u1ea5p cho thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed-gi\u1edbi, sai \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0\u1edbp M\u00e2n, Vi\u1ec7t, Giang, Chi\u1ebft... (L\u1ecbch S\u1eed N\u1ed9i-Chi\u1ebfn \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t-Nam, T\u1ea1-Ch\u00ed \u0110\u00f5i-Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trang 221).<\/p>\n<p>Tuy s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i-t\u1eb7c Trung-Hoa r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4-h\u1ee3p, n\u00ean d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e1nh tan. Ch\u1ee7-t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng-h\u1ea3i-V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1c-Qu\u1ea7n-Ph\u00f9 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Th\u1ecb-N\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1801. Th\u1ee7y-Qu\u00e2n Gia-\u0110\u1ecbnh tung-ho\u00e0nh ra l\u1ea5y Ph\u00fa-Xu\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i Th\u0103ng-Long m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u-\u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0o theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u0103n tr\u1edf n\u01b0\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 Ch\u1eafc-ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn-H\u1ea1m Nam-H\u00e0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c ra sau khi l\u00e0m ch\u00ecm chi\u1ebfc t\u1ea7u Macao t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3o d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n, T\u00e2y S\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e1t-tri\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n. Nguy\u1ec5n-Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea1i-hi\u1ec7u-thuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edf n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c con voi tr\u1eadn. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111i l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng-Nam chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1p-t\u00f9ng ph\u00e1i-b\u1ed9 MacCartney \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 150 t\u1ea5n tr\u1ecdng-t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ecbnh-qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 V\u0169 V\u0103n D\u0169ng \u0111em \u00e1n ng\u1eef \u1edf c\u1eeda Th\u1ecb-N\u1ea1i trong tr\u1eadn th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1801.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecdc v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh r\u00f5 l\u00e0 t\u00e2n-ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh tan H\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i thuy\u1ec1n T\u1ec1-ng\u00f4i Trung-Hoa.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi Vua Quang-Trung qua \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1ef1c-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n-s\u1ef1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n suy-y\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp. B\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1-Ng\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung-Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 t\u00fac v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n T\u1ec1- Ng\u00f4i v\u1eeba gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7m-v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp-t\u1ebf cho n\u1ed9i-\u0111\u1ecba v\u1eeba ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9-ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y-S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n- b\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu-k\u00e9m v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc-H\u00e0, thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u. C\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0-hao. S\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u00e9p: Cha con Nguy\u1ec5n-Quang-B\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng binh c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc, sai h\u01a1n 100 chi\u1ebfc T\u00e0u \u00f4, 12 vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng-binh l\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 t\u00ecm mua qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i chi\u00eau-t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee5i vong-m\u1ea1ng d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Trung-Qu\u1ed1c. L\u1ea5y quan t\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i nh\u1eed, c\u1ea5p cho thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed-gi\u1edbi, sai \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0\u1edbp M\u00e2n, Vi\u1ec7t, Giang, Chi\u1ebft... (L\u1ecbch S\u1eed N\u1ed9i-Chi\u1ebfn \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t-Nam, T\u1ea1-Ch\u00ed \u0110\u00f5i-Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trang 221).<\/p>\n<p>Tuy s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i-t\u1eb7c Trung-Hoa r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4-h\u1ee3p, n\u00ean d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e1nh tan. Ch\u1ee7-t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng-h\u1ea3i-V\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1c-Qu\u1ea7n-Ph\u00f9 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Th\u1ecb-N\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1801. Th\u1ee7y-Qu\u00e2n Gia-\u0110\u1ecbnh tung-ho\u00e0nh ra l\u1ea5y Ph\u00fa-Xu\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i Th\u0103ng-Long m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u-\u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0o theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u0103n tr\u1edf n\u01b0\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 Ch\u1eafc-ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn-H\u1ea1m Nam-H\u00e0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c ra sau khi l\u00e0m ch\u00ecm chi\u1ebfc t\u1ea7u Macao t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3o d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n, T\u00e2y S\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e1t-tri\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n. Nguy\u1ec5n-Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea1i-hi\u1ec7u-thuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edf n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c con voi tr\u1eadn. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111i l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng-Nam chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1p-t\u00f9ng ph\u00e1i-b\u1ed9 MacCartney \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 150 t\u1ea5n tr\u1ecdng-t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ecbnh-qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 V\u0169 V\u0103n D\u0169ng \u0111em \u00e1n ng\u1eef \u1edf c\u1eeda Th\u1ecb-N\u1ea1i trong tr\u1eadn th\u1ee7y-chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1801.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecdc v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh r\u00f5 l\u00e0 t\u00e2n-ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ed1 Th\u1ee7y-binh trong Qu\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp-ni\u00ean 1800, Th\u1ee7y-binh chuy\u00ean-nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean-\u00c1nh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p>L\u00ednh l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1n x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u 8,000<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y-binh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u trong c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n 8,000<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y-binh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u \u0111\u00f3ng ki\u1ec3u \u00c2u 1,200<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y-binh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ghe b\u1ea7u 1,600<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y-binh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 ch\u00e8o 8,000<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5ng-s\u1ed1 Th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 26.800 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n-l\u1ef1c 139.800. (L\u1ecbch S\u1eed N\u1ed9i-Chi\u1ebfn \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t-Nam, T\u1ea1-Ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1i-Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trang 230).<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u-\u00fd r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ed9i Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1nh bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n, binh-ch\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng-qu\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng-binh, ph\u00e1o-binh, ti\u1ebfp-v\u1eadn, truy\u1ec1n-tin ... Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n-l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a X\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u00f3ng T\u00e0u (8,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi) c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 so-s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi H\u1ea3i-Qu\u00e2n C\u00f4ng-X\u01b0\u1edfng Ba Son \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Trong th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7 20, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2,000 \u0111\u1ebfn 3,000 th\u1ee3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ho\u00e0ng-\u0110\u1ebf Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh, m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i-Qu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y ng\u00e0y nay cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch-s\u1eed n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng-nh\u1eadn Ho\u00e0ng-\u0110\u1ebf Nguy\u1ec5n-\u00c1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i-Qu\u00e2n v\u0129-\u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00f2ng S\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n-\u0111\u1ed9i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n khi \u0111\u00edch-th\u00e2n nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n H\u1ea1m-Tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Tho\u1ea1i-h\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ecb Ho\u00e0ng-\u0111\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn-l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea3i-chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0i-ba v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng-l\u00e3nh Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea3i-ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n, ph\u00e1-h\u1ee7y m\u1ee5c-ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1ed3ng-th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n xung-phong, gi\u00fap cho b\u1ed9-binh chi\u1ebfm-\u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecbch. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t-\u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n-s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ti\u1ec1n-th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c H\u1ea3i-\u0110o\u00e0n Xung-Phong m\u00e0 ta th\u1ea5y sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y H\u1ea1m-\u0110\u1ed9i Anh-C\u00e1t-L\u1ee3i.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee5ng-binh nhi\u1ec1u sau n\u0103m 1802, Th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. N\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u01b0a th\u01b0 xin ngo\u1ea1i-giao th\u00f4ng-th\u01b0\u01a1ng ba b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb. N\u0103m 1803 khi m\u1ed9t H\u1ea1m-\u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd g\u1ed3m 7 chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng v\u00e0o H\u00e0-N\u1ed9i, b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh-ph\u1ee7 Anh-C\u00e1t-L\u1ee3i ph\u1ea3n-\u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec Anh-Qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i khi x\u00e2m-nh\u1eadp h\u1ea3i-ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh-th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t-Nam m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t-h\u1ee3p-ph\u00e1p, n\u00ean m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u0169ng \u00eam. T\u00e0i-li\u1ec7u hi\u1ebfm n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n-S\u1eed Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n S\u01a1n ghi l\u1ea1i trong Vi\u1ec7t-S\u1eed To\u00e0n-Th\u01b0, xu\u1ea5t-b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1960, trang 591.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>(V\u0169 H\u1eefu San)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>---<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n Nam H\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 Oa kh\u1ea5u Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0 Lan, Anh qu\u1ed1c, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i, \u0110\u1ed3 B\u00e0... \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ghi h\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh Oa kh\u1ea5u kia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Nguy\u00ean)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Early Vietnamese official records documented the first contact between the Japanese and the Viets occurred in 1585. Lord Nguyen Hoang's sixth son led a squadron of more than ten ships to Cua Viet seaport where he destroyed two of the pirates' ships of Kenki, a Japanese pirate mistaken for a Westerner. Later in 1599, Kenki's ship had been wrecked in the Thuan An seaport and captured by Lord Nguyen Hoang's general. In 1601, Lord Nguyen Hoang sent the first official letter to Tokugawa Shogunate apologizing for his attacking the ship belonging to Kenki, a Japanese merchant, and to praise for the amicable friendship between the two countries.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ea4t D\u1eadu, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 28 [1585], b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd (Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00ean hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn t\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng phi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi) \u0111i 5 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c ven bi\u1ec3n. Ch\u00faa sai ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u l\u0129nh h\u01a1n 10 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n, ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e1nh tan 2 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c. Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd s\u1ee3 ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00faa c\u1ea3 m\u1eebng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng : \u201cCon ta th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 anh ki\u1ec7t\u201d, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edfng cho r\u1ea5t h\u1eadu. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n im h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(Ch\u00faa Hi\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac T\u1ea7n)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gi\u00e1p th\u00e2n, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 9 [1644]<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ebf t\u1eed D\u0169ng L\u1ec5 h\u1ea7u (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u00fac T\u1ea7n, Th\u00e1i t\u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu tri\u1ebft ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf) \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 gi\u1eb7c \u00d4 Lan \u1edf c\u1eeda Eo. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd gi\u1eb7c \u00d4 Lan \u0111\u1eadu thuy\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c l\u00e1i bu\u00f4n. Qu\u00e2n tu\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o tin. Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0n k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed t\u1ee9c th\u00ec m\u1eadt b\u00e1o v\u1edbi Ch\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Trung (con th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Hy T\u00f4ng), \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n ra \u0111\u00e1nh, Trung l\u1ea5y c\u1edb ch\u01b0a b\u1ea9m m\u1ec7nh, g\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a quy\u1ebft. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng ra, Trung b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t binh thuy\u1ec1n theo \u0111i, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec thuy\u1ec1n Th\u1ebf t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i. Trung l\u1ea5y c\u1edd v\u1eaby l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng Th\u1ebf t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng quay l\u1ea1i. Trung b\u00e8n gi\u1ee5c binh thuy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn theo. Chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau l\u01b0\u1edbt nhanh nh\u01b0 bay. Gi\u1eb7c tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 s\u1ee3, nh\u1eb1m th\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y, b\u1ecf r\u01a1i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e2y b\u1eafn. T\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eb7c th\u1ebf c\u00f9ng ph\u00f3ng l\u1eeda t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u1ebft. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed b\u00e8n thu qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00faa m\u1edbi nghe tin Th\u1ebf t\u1eed \u0111i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 s\u1ee3, b\u00e8n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i binh ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng, v\u1eeba t\u1edbi c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n, xa tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i \u0111en b\u1ed1c m\u00f9 tr\u1eddi, k\u00edp ra l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean. T\u1edbi khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn, ch\u00faa m\u1eebng l\u1eafm, k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1i y\u1ebft. Ch\u00faa gi\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch r\u1eb1ng: \u201cM\u00e0y l\u00e0m Th\u1ebf t\u1eed, sao kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh?\u201d. L\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch Trung v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea9m m\u1ec7nh. Trung c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1 t\u1ed9i gi\u1edd l\u00e2u, r\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n khen ng\u1ee3i oai phong anh d\u0169ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ai k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00faa c\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ti\u00ean qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n, nay con ta c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ta kh\u00f4ng lo g\u00ec n\u1eefa\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(Ch\u00faa Minh Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Man An Li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 8 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4n L\u00f4n. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn T\u00f4 Th\u00edch Gi\u00e0 Thi 5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t ban, nh\u1ecb ban, tam ban, t\u1ee9 ban, ng\u0169 ban(2) (m\u1ea5y ban c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5y b\u1ef1c, nguy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u00ean \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd) c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 n\u00fai, b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 dinh Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00fac Phan (con Ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00fac C\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ng\u1ecdc Nhi\u1ec5m) \u0111em vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o l\u00ean. Ch\u00faa sai Ph\u00fac Phan t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1eeb b\u1ecdn \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, th\u00e1ng 10, d\u1eb9p y\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3ng An Li\u1ec7t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00fac Phan m\u1ed9 15 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0 V\u00e0 sai l\u00e0m k\u1ebf tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea3ng An Li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eeba ch\u00fang s\u01a1 h\u1edf th\u00ec gi\u1ebft. B\u1ecdn An Li\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. \u1ede C\u00f4n L\u00f4n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean x\u00e9t h\u1ecfi, t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0 V\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00eam ph\u00f3ng l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t tr\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t ban, nh\u1ecb ban, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0169 ban tr\u00f3i l\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n tam ban, t\u1ee9 ban th\u00ec theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean tr\u1ed1n \u0111i. Ph\u00fac Phan nghe tin b\u00e1o, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec sai binh thuy\u1ec1n ra C\u00f4n L\u00f4n, thu h\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2ng n\u1ed9p. Ch\u00faa tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0 V\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 theo th\u1ee9 b\u1ef1c. T\u00ean ng\u0169 ban th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111i, ch\u1ebft \u1edf d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(V\u00f5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Kho\u00e1t)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00f9a thu, th\u00e1ng 8, gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c (kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 h\u1ecd) c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c mi\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n Long Xuy\u00ean. M\u1ea1c Thi\u00ean T\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin b\u00e1o, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec sai cai \u0111\u1ed9i T\u1eeb H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng \u0111em 10 chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111i b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c \u0111em gi\u1ebft h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>---<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i Trung Hoa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1792)<\/strong> T\u00e2y S\u01a1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 k\u1ebft v\u1edbi 40 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang men c\u00e1c v\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n Khang Thu\u1eadn tr\u1edf v\u00e0o, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Vua nghe tin, sai Ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Long \u0111em binh thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eef c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n T\u1eafc Kh\u00e1i ki\u00eam qu\u1ea3n hai \u0111\u1ea1o L\u00fd L\u00ea v\u00e0 X\u00edch Lam, ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1i \u0111i tu\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb nghi\u00eam nh\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1794)<\/strong> B\u1ea3y chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n sai tu\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1edbp, L\u01b0u th\u1ee7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nh\u00e2n b\u00e1o l\u00ean. Vua xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ee5 nghi\u00eam tr\u00e1ch, sai tri\u1ec7t h\u1ebft thuy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1797)<\/strong> V\u00f5 T\u00e1nh d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n ra \u0110\u1ea1i Chi\u00eam, g\u1eb7p \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ng\u0169 v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Long Ph\u00e1t, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00e0u \u00d4 h\u01a1n 30 chi\u1ebfc. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf H\u00e0 Th\u00e2n, thanh th\u1ebf l\u1eebng l\u1eaby.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n B\u00ecnh Khang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf H\u00f2n Tre, L\u01b0u tr\u1ea5n Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh sai Cai c\u01a1 L\u00ea Quang T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em binh \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1eafng th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua th\u01b0\u1edfng cho 3 t\u1ea5m sa \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 100 quan ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1798)<\/strong> Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n C\u00f9 Hu\u00e2n. L\u01b0u tr\u1ea5n Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh nghe b\u00e1o, sai b\u1ecdn Cai c\u01a1 L\u00ea Quang T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed5i theo b\u1eaft, t\u1edbi Di\u00ean \u00e1o [V\u0169ng Di\u00ean] b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n, c\u00f2n th\u00ec ch\u1ea1y th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4ng. Vua th\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ecdn T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec5u 2 t\u1ea5m, sa m\u00e1t 4 t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n 100 quan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1799)<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3n v\u1ec7 Ph\u1ea5n d\u1ef1c l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng binh gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 Ph\u00e0n V\u0103n T\u00e0i \u1edf c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Kim B\u1ed3ng, \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n chi\u00eau n\u1ea1p b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n, trao cho ch\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng binh, mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1i ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n ta, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e1nh thua, th\u1ebf gi\u1eb7c th\u00eam nh\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1800)<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3ng gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u0111em 12 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n l\u1ea5n v\u00e0o v\u0169ng H\u00f2n Kh\u00f3i. Ph\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng chi chi Ti\u1ec1n du Th\u1eafng v\u00f5 l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Duy\u00ean \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u00e1nh, gi\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1ea1i \u0111em thuy\u1ec1n ra bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>Thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea3ng gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 d\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb N\u1ea1i. Sai hai v\u1ec7 N\u1ed9i tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 T\u00fac tr\u1ef1c \u0111u\u1ed5i theo, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng ngu\u1ef5 l\u00e0 M\u1ea1c Quan Ph\u00f9, th\u1ed1ng binh l\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Canh v\u00e0 Phan V\u0103n T\u00e0i c\u00f9ng b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1802)<\/strong> T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n \u1edf ch\u00e2u V\u1ea1n Ninh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1 L\u1ed9c ng\u1ee5y x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng binh, t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n, gi\u1eb7c T\u00e2y S\u01a1n t\u1eebng m\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 quan qu\u00e2n. T\u1eeb tr\u1eadn thua \u1edf c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt L\u1ec7, n\u00f3 ng\u1ea7m tr\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n V\u1ea1n Ninh, ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ea7n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111em vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o l\u00ean. Vua sai Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 V\u0103n V\u00e2n \u0111em th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3n, g\u1eb7p 15 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c, \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1i L\u1ed9c 11 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3ng nghe tin ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<p>Vua th\u1ea5y m\u00f9a gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed9n, cho r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1, h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb nghi\u00eam th\u00eam, r\u1ed3i sai tr\u1ea5n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1ea3i giao cho Kh\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1803)<\/strong> H\u01a1n tr\u0103m chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i ra v\u00e0o \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng Ti\u00ean Y\u00ean v\u00e0 V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3n, x\u00e2m b\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o C\u1ed7 D\u0169ng, l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 s\u00f4ng B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh M\u00f4n. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh sai Ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eafc, \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf Phan Ti\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng, T\u00e1n l\u00fd ki\u00eam Binh b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea7n Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n<p>Vua nghe b\u00e1o, sai Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e3nh qu\u00e2n th\u1ee7y b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec1n binh ph\u00e1i th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tri\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu. H\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1ng c\u0169 tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea l\u00e0 B\u00f9i Huy Ng\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Khu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp \u0111em th\u1ed5 h\u00e0o \u1edf hai t\u1ed5ng H\u00e0 Nam v\u00e0 H\u00e0 B\u1eafc \u0111i theo quan binh, \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eb7c, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebfu \u00fay gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 t\u00ean V\u00e2n. Th\u1ed5 h\u00e0o ba huy\u1ec7n Kim Th\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee7y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1p S\u01a1n thu\u1ed9c H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdp qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u00e1nh, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eb7c, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 60 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y ra bi\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh \u0111em t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua cho Huy Ng\u1ecdc l\u00e0m  tham hi\u1ec7p Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng, Huy Khu\u00ea l\u00e0m Tri huy\u1ec7n H\u1eefu L\u0169ng. C\u00e1c th\u1ed5 h\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 cai \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, cai thu\u1ed9c, k\u00fd thu\u1ed9c, cai t\u1ed5ng, ph\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1804)<\/strong> Th\u1ee7y s\u01b0 B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh tan gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u1edf h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c 13 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n ghe kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi \u0111em n\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7u Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0110o\u00e0n B\u00e1 Giai \u0111i tu\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba t\u00ean gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3ng T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n ghe kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111em vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean, Th\u01b0\u1edfng cho 50 quan ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00ean Tr\u1ea1c ng\u1ee5y x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Ninh H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, h\u1ecdp h\u01a1n 60 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n, l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i ch\u00e2u V\u1ea1n Ninh tr\u1ea5n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 L\u00ea V\u0103n V\u1ecbnh su\u1ea5t binh d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p. Cai ch\u00e2u Phan Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00e1ch, ph\u00f3 ch\u00e2u Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Trung, ti\u1ec1n tri ch\u00e2u Vi Qu\u1ea3ng V\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3ng 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1eb7c v\u1ee1 ch\u1ea1y. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111em vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Sai cho Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 s\u1ee9, ki\u00eam cai vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e2u, cho \u0110\u00ecnh Trung l\u00e0m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng tri, ki\u00eam vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3 ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 Quang V\u1ef9 l\u00e0m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 thi\u00eam s\u1ef1, th\u01b0\u1edfng cho ti\u1ec1n 500 quan, th\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1eafp cho binh d\u00e2n 1.000 quan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1805)<\/strong> Quan B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh t\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng : \u201cGi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn Tr\u1ecbnh N\u0103ng Ph\u00e1t, Ho\u00e0ng Long, S\u0129 Ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb quan qu\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eaft, tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng La Ph\u00f9 \u1edf Long M\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh. \u0110\u00e3 bao l\u1ea7n t\u01b0 cho Long M\u00f4n m\u00e0 quan \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y c\u1ee9 che ch\u1edf. Xin g\u1eedi c\u00f4ng v\u0103n cho T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eb9p b\u1eaft\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Xu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng : \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh dung t\u00fang gi\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i \u1edf h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u01b0 b\u00e1o l\u00e0m chi. Duy n\u1ebfu b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp th\u00ec d\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ly t\u00e1n. V\u1eady sai tr\u1ea5n th\u1ea7n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ea3o nghi\u00eam vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb cho d\u00e2n y\u00ean \u1ed5n\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n c\u01b0\u1edbp \u1edf ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n Ngh\u1ec7 An, l\u00ednh tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u1ea1y, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 18 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ea7n t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Th\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1n 200 quan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1806)<\/strong> Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i h\u1ecdp 30 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n l\u1ea9n v\u00e0o Hoa Phong \u0111\u1ed1t c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u1ea3o Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ho\u00e0ng. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n sai ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea5n B\u1eedu \u0111em chu s\u01b0 \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i. Sai Qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 Ti\u1ec1n th\u1ee7y l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh, Ph\u00f3 v\u1ec7 \u00fay Ti\u1ec1n d\u1ef1c l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n L\u1eef qu\u1ea3n binh thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ed7 \u1edf B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh. Vua d\u1ee5 r\u1eb1ng : \u201cGi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i l\u1ea9n l\u00fat \u1edf ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u01a1i n\u00ean gia t\u00e2m ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb. Ai b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c, thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1n 1.000 quan, thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf th\u00ec 500 quan\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ed5 h\u00e0o ch\u00e2u V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3n tr\u1ea5n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh B\u00e1 v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh Qu\u1ebf b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n ghe kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi, quan B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh \u0111em vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Cho b\u1ecdn \u0110\u00ecnh B\u00e1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1n 300 quan. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1eb7c Thanh b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n [ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t] b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c b\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea3 h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1807)<\/strong> Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n t\u1ec9nh M\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Khi\u00ean v\u00e0 Chu Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb quan qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eaft, ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh n\u00f3i thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1u m\u0169i xanh c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn ta th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3n b\u1eaft cho. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111em vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u1edf ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t binh thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i tu\u1ea7n x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1808)<\/strong> H\u01a1n 80 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1eb7c T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eaft, tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng, Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n sai ch\u00e1nh th\u1ed1ng H\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed3n Ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 B\u00f9i V\u0103n Th\u00e1i, Ph\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng T\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u1ecb \u0111em binh thuy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh, ch\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3n th\u1eadp c\u01a1 qu\u00e2n Th\u1ea7n v\u00f5 l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u00ecn \u0111em qu\u00e2n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng, Ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ebfn B\u1eedu l\u00e0m \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u00e1t nhung v\u1ee5. B\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m s\u00f4ng B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng, \u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea5n l\u1ef5 Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 L\u00ea V\u0103n V\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh lui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7c, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n s\u00e1u ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u1eb7c b\u00e8n \u0111em thuy\u1ec1n chia \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Thanh Hoa v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 An. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua lo th\u1ed5 ph\u1ec9 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i ph\u1ec9, b\u00e8n sai T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh binh thuy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh, l\u1ea1i sai Thi\u00eam s\u1ef1 L\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 V\u1ecb theo l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u1edf trong qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1edbp \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1 huy\u1ec7n Ti\u00ean Minh. Ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea5n B\u1eedu sai Ch\u00e1nh th\u1ed1ng Th\u1eadp c\u01a1 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u00ecn \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh. Th\u00ecn khinh su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n, b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap. T\u1ea5n B\u1eedu l\u1ea1i sai Ch\u00e1nh th\u1ed1ng H\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed3n l\u00e0 B\u00f9i V\u0103n Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n, c\u00f9ng gi\u1eb7c giao chi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Gi\u1eb7c dong thuy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u00e1c \u1ea5p Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u, An Phong (thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Nghi\u00eam Phong) tr\u1ea5n Y\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ea7n sai qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 V\u0169 V\u0103n K\u1ebf \u0111em binh \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eb7c, b\u1eaft m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1eb7c tan ch\u1ea1y. T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng chia sai binh thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i tu\u1ea7n x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c \u1edf c\u1eeda Li\u00eau, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thung 7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 4 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n. Th\u1ebf gi\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng qu\u1eabn. \u0110\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn L\u01b0\u01a1ng Kim Ng\u1ecdc, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ebf D\u1ecbch \u0111em 2 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 70 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fa \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An. Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ea7n t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua sai tha t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 cho an th\u00e1p \u1edf ph\u1ed1 Thanh H\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1810)<\/strong> Cho Kh\u00e2m sai cai c\u01a1 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m Kh\u00e2m sai ch\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1. Sai Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh su\u1ea5t 500 th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n, 20 chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y N\u00f4ng Giang thu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh, ki\u00eam ch\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed1n d\u1ef1c c\u01a1. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n \u1edf th\u00e0nh, l\u00e2u n\u0103m m\u1ee5c n\u00e1t, t\u00e2u xin c\u1ea5p th\u00eam cho thuy\u1ec1n kinh, sai m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n qu\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng khi tr\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. G\u1eb7p gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn \u00d4 Th\u1ea1ch Nh\u1ecb, \u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i B\u00e1t, L\u00fd A Th\u1ea5t b\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh \u0111u\u1ed5i ri\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed1n ra m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 Cao, Li\u00eam, Qu\u1ef3nh, L\u00f4i. Kh\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u g\u1edfi gi\u1ea5y cho B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh h\u1eb9n \u0111em qu\u00e2n ra ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111em vi\u1ec7c t\u00e2u l\u00ean. Vua b\u1ea3o T\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc L\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea9n l\u00fat \u1edf b\u00e3i B\u1ea1ch Long, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3 th\u00f4i. Nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eaft, ta n\u00ean c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eb9p cho y\u00ean<br \/>\nm\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u00e2n sai V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh \u0111em binh thuy\u1ec1n th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi V\u1ea1n Ninh. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y th\u00eam binh thuy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 theo sai khi\u1ebfn. L\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y V\u1ea1n Ninh ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n Kh\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u, n\u00ean c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u01b0 t\u1eeb \u0111i l\u1ea1i, sai Ng\u00f4 Kh\u1ea3n l\u00e0m l\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng trong qu\u00e2n. H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, b\u1ecdn \u00d4 Th\u1ea1ch Nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1eaft h\u1ebft. L\u00fd \u00e1 Th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00e8 l\u0169 h\u01a1n hai ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. B\u00e8n sai th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5y sang Kh\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u. V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y N\u00f4ng Giang. Tri\u1ec7u Ng\u00f4 Kh\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 Kinh sung H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><em>(L\u00fac n\u00e0y, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p H\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c, nh\u00f3m T\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4i tan r\u00e3, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 Thanh. 20 n\u0103m sau, 1830, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi\u1ebfn cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: Bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu nha phi\u1ebfn - sau l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n-t\u00edch l\u00e3nh-th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n b\u00e0nh-tr\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c-ph\u1ea9m nu\u00f4i d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1ed9i-ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i-ph\u1eadn, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3 l\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.&#8221; Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n &#9660; Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh-t\u00edch v\u00f4-song Qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf-k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng-S\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh n\u1ed7-l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 uy-t\u00edn nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ea1i phong-ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u xa. Vua Ch\u00faa Quan Ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m-th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n-th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef3-c\u00f4ng, mang l\u1ea1i cho d\u00e2n-t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t-Nam nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i-s\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt-ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh-th\u1ea7n th\u1eadt l\u1edbn lao. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n-t\u00edch l\u00e3nh-th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n b\u00e0nh-tr\u01b0\u1edbng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c-ph\u1ea9m nu\u00f4i d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t-Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u1ed9i-ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i-ph\u1eadn, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3 l\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia. Sau \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 v\u1ec1 sinh-ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng-h\u1ea3i, \u0111i\u1ec3m qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh-t\u00edch v\u00f4-song v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y-qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ebf Xu\u1ea5t-ph\u00e1t T\u1eeb L\u00fd-do Ph\u00f2ng-th\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i-bi\u00ean Khi Tr\u1ecbnh-Ki\u1ec3m \u00e2m-m\u01b0u chi\u1ebfm g\u1ecdn binh-quy\u1ec1n, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n-U\u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n-Ho\u00e0ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tho\u00e1t-hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh. T\u00ednh-to\u00e1n m\u00e3i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec, b\u00e8n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2790,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-suu-tam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5272","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5272"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5272\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}