\u1ede v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua m\u1ed9t q\u00faa tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng China d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh r\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ong. Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft l\u1edd m\u1edd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy t\u00e0n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 tranh c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c \u00edt \u1ecfi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00f4 s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i n\u1ed3i s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u c\u01a1m, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ea3o c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd n\u1ea5u rau v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ly t\u00e1ch s\u1ee9. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a China, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o. Chu\u00f4i ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean quan h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c ch\u1ea1m l\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a China. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1, c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nhanh nh\u1eb9n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng \u00fd, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Trong s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t ra nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai hay kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u00f9ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00e1i ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 huy ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. N\u01a1i m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i th\u1eeba k\u1ebf y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb s\u1edf h\u1eefu, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o - kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quy tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p - tru\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng anh ta c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh; n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai hay m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f9 o\u00e1n hay s\u1ef1 tham t\u00e0n \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, - Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00ecnh, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \"B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1eb9p trang \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 q\u00fay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o\"<\/em>. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea5y v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ea5y, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef gi\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, bao quanh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u tham lam b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng, k\u00fd th\u00e1c ch\u00ednh b\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m g\u00ec h\u1ecd; - ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi anh ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u? Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u1edf d\u00e2n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Nh\u00e1nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam H\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n, tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a k\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n s\u00e0n th\u1ea5p d\u00f9ng m\u00e1i ch\u00e8o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y d\u00e0i ch\u1eebng 50 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 b\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac l\u00e0m t\u1eeb 5 t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ea7u kia, \u0111\u1ea7u gh\u00e9p g\u1ed7 m\u1ed9ng, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111inh g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y th\u1eebng xo\u1eafn l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tre, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 d\u1ea1ng k\u00e8o n\u00e0o. Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 r\u1eafn, trang tr\u00ed b\u1edfi v\u00e0ng m\u1ea1 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e0o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o c\u1eafm c\u1edd c\u00f9ng c\u1edd \u0111u\u00f4i nheo, \u0111\u1ea7u trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng g\u00f9 t\u1eeb l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i b\u00f2 nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 d\u00f9, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm \u1edf \u0111u\u00f4i thuy\u1ec1n. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi China, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nh\u00f3m l\u00e1i lu\u00f4n ng\u1ed3i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc thuy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ec5 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng quay m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda l\u00f2ng thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00e1i ch\u00e8o thay v\u00ec k\u00e9o n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung ph\u00eda \u0111u\u00f4i thuy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea5y Trepan c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 y\u1ebfn \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n: Paracels), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3: nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc Sampan c\u1ee7a China, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfu, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m Malay c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecf l\u1eabn c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m. Thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ec1n m\u00e0nh China, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n. Khi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, s\u1ef1 nhanh nh\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c truy \u0111u\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9u tho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft: an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7. V\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia v\u00e0o bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u00f4n ki\u00eam c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e1i thuy\u1ec1n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n, chia l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u0103n ri\u00eang, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u00f4n. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng ng\u0103n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng v\u00e1n d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 2 inch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n k\u00edn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n D\u00f9 s\u1ef1 chia c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng kho h\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng con thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Con t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 va v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng; l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ng\u0103n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a trong ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean kia, v\u00e0 con t\u00e0u v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nhau, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t va \u0111\u1eadp l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i bi\u1ec3n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u l\u1edbn m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi n\u00f3 v\u1ee1 th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ea7u boong t\u00e0u t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi s\u01b0\u1eddn, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra khi su\u1eddn v\u00e0 boong t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c khoang h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef th\u1eadp. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ed5 China n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Anh qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e8o \u0111\u00f4i, b\u1eb1ng b\u00e1nh xe n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn hay d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u1ea5y, d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i t\u00ean Ph\u00e1t minh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf China trong h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ecb vua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 cho ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u v\u00e0o t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf hay ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m, bu\u1ed3m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m, v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i tre m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 linh c\u1ea3m t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ch\u00faa kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf gi\u1eefa n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam H\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef China, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian gi\u00e1o s\u0129 China c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00f3i, tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a China n\u00f3i hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hay th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda h\u1ecd hay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb China m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nam H\u00e0, m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n (B\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadp sau).<\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam H\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o ch\u1eef B, D v\u00e0 R m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi China th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00e2m ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi China \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n x\u01b0ng, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam H\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi China trang nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 cao ng\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khi h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh, khi c\u1ea7m l\u1ea5y c\u00e2y b\u00fat ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd, tuy n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; hay c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ecf ra, b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u hay c\u1eed ch\u1ec9, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam H\u00e0, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 n\u00f4n n\u00f3ng l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi China \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u, c\u0169ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i, kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n \u1ede v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua m\u1ed9t q\u00faa tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng China d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh r\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ong. Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft l\u1edd m\u1edd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i suy t\u00e0n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 tranh c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c \u00edt \u1ecfi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00f4 s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i n\u1ed3i s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u c\u01a1m, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ea3o c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd n\u1ea5u rau v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ly t\u00e1ch s\u1ee9. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,42],"tags":[102,108,103,105],"class_list":["post-1715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dich","category-voyage-to-cochinchina","tag-cochinchina","tag-dich","tag-mien-nam","tag-the-ky-18"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1715"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1715\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1715"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truongan.name\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n*Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, Barrow g\u1ecdi vua T\u00e2y S\u01a1n l\u00e0 King, ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n l\u00e0 Prince. <\/em><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"